Pharmacology MCQ

1. A patient who requires a higher dose to achieve the same therapeutic

effect is said to

(a) be cured. (b) be addicted to the drug.

(c) have developed a tolerance to the drug. (d) None of the above

Ans. C

2. A patient who is allergic to shellfish is not likely to be allergic to some

medications.(a) True(b) False

Ans. B

3. What type of injection is used to prevent medication from leaking back onto the tissue?

(a) IM(b) Z-Track(c) SC (d) None of the above

Ans. B,  When a medication is injected directly into muscle, it is called an intramuscular injection (IM). The Z-track method of IM is used to prevent tracking (leakage) of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue (underneath the skin).

During the procedure, skin and tissue are pulled and held firmly while a long needle is inserted into the muscle. After the medication is injected, the skin and tissue are released. The needle track that forms during this procedure takes the shape of the letter “Z,” which gives the procedure its name. This zigzag track line is what prevents medication from leaking from the muscle into surrounding tissue. 

The procedure is usually administered by a nurse or doctor. In some cases, you may be instructed in how to perform Z-track injections on yourself at home.

Side effects can include swelling and injection discomfort. Z-track injection is usually less painful than a traditional IM injection.

4. Order: 1000 mL of IV fluid q12h. Available: 1000 mL of IV fluid and

microdrip tubing. How many gtts per minute will the nurse regulate the IV?

(a) 83 gtt/min (b) 83.3 gtt/min (c) 8.33 gtt/min (d) .833 gtt/min

Ans. A

5. Peppermint may relieve migraine headaches when rubbed on the forehead.(a) True (b) False

Ans. B

6. Water-soluble vitamins are excreted in urine shortly after they are absorbed. (a) True (b) False

Ans. A

7. Blenderized enteral feedings are

(a) lactose-free liquid. (b) powered mixed with milk.

(c) liquids that are individually prepared based on the nutritional needs of the patient.

(d) powered mixed with water.

Ans. C, Hospital prepared blenderized enteral tube feedings render unpredictable levels of micronutrients and macronutrients and appear likely to deliver less than the desired amounts of nutrients. Additionally, the viscosity of these feedings may be unsuitable for infusion through feeding tubes.

8. When administering enteral feedings, the patient may become dizzy if:

(a) large amounts of solution is administered rapidly. (b) the solution is too concentrated.  (c) the patient is supine (lying flat on back). (d) none of the above.

Ans. A

9. Which of the following medications prevents the formation of blood clots?

(a) Analgesic (b) Antipyretic (c) Anticoagulant (d) All of the above

Ans. C, Anticoagulants (antithrombics, fibrinolytic, and thrombolytics) are a class of drugs that work to prevent the coagulation (clotting) of blood. Such substances occur naturally in leeches and blood-sucking insects. A group of pharmaceuticals called anticoagulants can be used in vivo as a medication for thrombotic disorders.

nticoagulants reduce blood clotting. This prevents deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.

Coumarins (vitamin K antagonists)

These oral anticoagulants are derived from coumarin, which is found in many plants. A prominent member of this class is warfarin (Coumadin). It takes at least 48 to 72 hours for the anticoagulant effect to develop. Where an immediate effect is required, heparin must be given concomitantly. These anticoagulants are used to treat patients with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) and to prevent emboli in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and mechanical prosthetic heart valves.

10. A infant does not receive a full dose of the drug given to its mother when the infant breastfeeds. (a) True (b) False

Ans. A