VPTAC Sample Paper for Pharmacy competitive examination, MCQ (With Explanation )-6

Q 1. Cimetidine at high doses given for long periods produces:

A. Gynaecomasia   

B. Impotency

C. Loss of libido

D. All

Ans. D, Cimetidine is a histamine H₂-receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production. It is largely used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers. Cimetidine has also been found to possess clinically significant anti-androgen properties at high doses that are especially noticeable in men. It directly antagonizes the binding of testosterone and DHT to the androgen receptor in animals.

Cimetidine's anti-androgen properties likely explain certain side effects seen with it such as galactorrhea and amenorrhea in women and gynecomastia and impotence in men.

Q 2. B cells are coated with following, except

A. CD21          

B. CD4

C. CD40

D. CD45

Ans. B, T and B cells are coated with clusters of differentiation (CD) and other non-CD molecules.

B cells are coated with CD21, CD35, CD40 and CD45.

T cells are coated with CD2, CD3, CD4 and CD28.

Q 3. Following agents inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall, except

A. Cycloserine

B. Vancomycin

C. Polymyxin

D. Bacitracin

Ans. C, Cycloserine, vancomycin and bacitracin inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall.

Polymyxin directly acts on the cell membrane and affects the permeability leading to loss of intracellular components.

Q 4. The cephalosporin that is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa is :

A. Cephalexin

B. Cephalothin

C. Cefuroxime

D. Ceftazidime

Ans. D, Cephalosporin inhibit the bacterial cell wall synthesis. It Inhibits the transpeptidase enzyme, which is responsible for synthesis of peptidoglycan that provides mechanical stability to the cell wall. Ceftazidime is a third generation cephalosporin that is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Cephalothin, Cephalexin are first generation agents whereas cefuroxime is a second-generation agent that are not effective against pseudomonas infections.

Q 5. Estrogens:

A. Block bone resorption.

B. Maintain negative calcium balance.

C. Decrease HDL levels.

D. Increase bile acid secretion.

Ans. A, Estrogens have positive effects on bone mass. The major effect is to block resorption of bone. It also increases the level of hydroxyllase, which coverts vitamin D to its active form 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 in the kidney thus maintaining positive calcium balance. It increases HDL levels and decreases LDL values. Thus affording protection against coronary artery disease in premenopausal woman. It alters bile composition by increasing cholesterol secretion and decreasing bile acid secretion thus increasing the risk of gallstone formation in woman receving estrogens.

Q 6. Quinidine

A. Depresses pacemaker rate

B. Depresses conduction

C. Depresses excitability

D. All of the above

Ans. D, Quinidine depresses pacemaker rate, conduction and excitability. It produces these effects by blocking activated sodium channels and multiple potassium currents.

Q 7. “Sleeping sickness” is caused by

A. Giardia lambila

B. Trichomonas vaginalis

C. Toxoplasma gondi

D. Trypanosoma brucei

Ans. D, Sleeping sickness or African trypanosomiasis is caused by Trypanosoma brucei and therapy e.g. suramin sodium, should be started immediately.

Q 8. Following are pituitary hormones, except

A. Growth hormone

B. Adrenocorticotrophin

C. Thyroid stimulating hormone

D. Corticotrophin releasing hormone

Ans. D, Corticotrophin releasing hormone is a Hypothalamic hormone.

Q 9. The syndrome of thiamine (B1) deficiency seen clinically is

A. Beriberi

B. Wernicke’s encephalopathy

C. Korsakoff’s syndrome

D. All of the above

Ans. D, The syndromes of thiamine deficiency  Beriberi (dry beriberi-symptoms related to nervous system; wet beriberi- symptoms related to cardiovascular system),

Wernicke’s encephalopathy,  Korsakoff’s syndrome, Alcoholic polyneuropathy.

Wernicke's encephalopathy or now often Wernicke's disease refers to the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine. The condition is part of a larger group of diseases related to vitamin B1 insufficiency, including beriberi in all its forms, and Korsakoff syndrome. When Wernicke's encephalopathy occurs simultaneously with Korsakoff syndrome it is known as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Q 10. Diamprit is an agonist of .................receptors, except

A. H1   

B. H2 

C. H3  

D. All of the above

Ans.A, Dimaprit is a selective agonist of H2 and H3 receptors but not H1 receptors.